HTML5, CSS3, आणि JavaScript: वेब भविष्य

मी सुरू करण्यापूर्वी, इतिहासात एक संक्षिप्त ट्रिप…

तो आहे 1999. इंटरनेट एक्स्प्लोरर 5 गरम सामग्री आहे, टेक बबल वाढत आहे. आणि Mariano Rivera, वर्ल्ड सिरीज मविप्र आहे. आणि तरुण (धापा टाकणे.)

वेब डेव्हलपर संगणक बसतो, कॉफी पिण्याच्या आणि काही कोड लिहून. तो एक ब्राउझर आधारित खेळ करू इच्छिते. तो हे करू शकता एकमेव मार्ग परस्पर चित्रपट करण्यासाठी Adobe च्या Flash प्लॅटफॉर्म वापर आणि त्याच्या वेबसाइटवर की एम्बेड आहे.

तो आपल्या साइटवर व्हिडिओ ठेवले इच्छिते. YouTube वर एक फालतू भुयारी रेल्वे ओळ नाव वाटणारा, काही अधिक. आमचा विकासक की एक फ्लॅश चित्रपट बनवू आहे, सुद्धा.

He sighs as he makes YET ANOTHER Flash movie. Geez, would someone make an alternative already?

पाहणे, back in the day you had to use Adobe’s Flash to embed videos, make browser games,

and just make your site look decent. And guess what, we STILL use it for the same things. This is all well and good, except:

• Flash has more security holes than a bullet-riddled piece of Swiss cheese.
• Flash is a closed standard, meaning that Adobe decided what you could or could not do. You couldn’t use Flash in open-source projects, एकतर, without an official Adobe plugin.
• Flash is very resource intensive, overwhelming some weaker processors and making sites difficult to use.
• तो आहे not cross-platform: iOS doesn’t support it, it sucks on Linux, and it’s buggy on every other operating system.

Something’s brewing; no, not your coffee

A few years ago (official work started in 2004, although it didn’t catch on till later), अगोदर निर्देश केलेल्या बाबीसंबंधी बोलताना W3C (World Wide Web Consortium, the guys who are basically in charge of the Internet) आणि WHATWG (Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group) partnered up to make a new version of HTML, the language used to build web pages.

Around the same time, the W3C started work on a new version of CSS, the language used to design the appearance of webpages.

It was clear something was going to happen.

A revolution in the making

द्वारे 2008 people had gotten sick of using Flash for everything because of its many weaknesses (outlined above.)

Conveniently, the latest draft of HTML – HTML5 – allowed you to embed videos in your website without using Flash. And you could even make Flash-free web games using a little HTML5; CSS3, the latest version of CSS; and a generous scoop (cup?) चा Javascript, the scripting language used to make pages interactive.

Needless to say, web developers started noticing these new technologies. का? Take a look at the benefits of using HTML5, CSS3, and Javascript (apps created with these 3 technologies are generally called HTML5 apps even though they use other technologies. Go figure.)

• HTML5 and co. are open standards: they’re maintained by organizations, not companies, so there are no restrictions on their use. They can be used in open-source projects
• They’re safe and secure, partially because they’re open standards. And because Adobe doesn’t maintain them.
• They’re cross-platform. Assuming you have a decent browser (anything not named Internet Explorer 8 or below), they’ll work on any operating system. iDevices, फोन, tablets, computers… anything. That’s good because Flash doesn’t work on iDevices and it demolishes the battery of smartphones.
• They’re less resource-intensive than Flash. A lot of web games using HTML5 run very smoothly on phones, while Flash games teeter on disaster.

The list goes on and on.

वाट पाहणे, it’s happening already

HTML5 apps only rose to prominence in 2010 with Steve Jobs’s continuing refusal to put Flash on iDevices. (विहीर, a lot of web developers started using them a few years earlier.) But in that short time, they’ve come a long way.

You’d be surprised what’s been done with HTML5:

• Angry Birds uses HTML5 for everything except the sound, which it uses Flash

  

  for.

• Mozilla has created a gallery of great HTML5 demos.
• And Mozilla’s also made a gallery of the best HTML5 games.
• HP’s webOS mobile platform uses HTML5 for storage and some interface stuff.
• Microsoft’s विंडो 8 will be able to run apps written in HTML5, CSS3, आणि JavaScript.
• Web apps like Google Docs and Gmail use HTML5.
• YouTube वर lets you use HTML5’s video embedding capabilities to view videos without Flash.

And more is being done every day.

End of the road for Flash?

As much as I would like to think this means we can wave goodbye to Flash, it doesn’t. Videos will still require it, a lot of flashy (pun intended) websites won’t work without it, and the vast majority of internet games need Flash.

As for desktop apps? Email clients are rare nowadays amongst casual users, but other than that desktop apps are still around. Web apps will get more and more sophisticated, तरी, so desktop apps’ days are numbered. पण, like Flash, they will still hang around.

HTML5 has come a long, लांब मार्ग. फक्त 10 years ago web designers couldn’t make a cohesive website layout using HTML to save their lives. Now HTML is being used for everything from Angry Birds to Windows 8. And the list will continue to grow.